I Am Codell Craddock For The Respondent Essay - 1089 Words

I am Codell Craddock for the Respondent. My colleague, Fiona O’Brien has effectively demonstrated why the Hybrid Rights is merely dicta on the part of Justice Scalia and I will immediately follow by defining rational basis review. Rational Basis is the standard of review used by courts when reviewing matters pertaining to the fifth and fourteenth amendment. If a law proves to be rationally related to a legitimate government interest, then it passes rational basis review. In addition, it is not the duty of the court to review the intent of the law, but merely to decide if their is a relationship between the law and a government interest.† This rationale was upheld in Swanson Swanson v. Gurthrie Independent school district when the supreme court ruled that the school district’s rule to require all students to attend public school full-time is a general law that tailors to a governmental interest. In our case, the candy ban was instituted to combat childhood obesity which is a governmental interest. Because as we saw in Barsky vs Board of Regents, the public health of a community is a vital part of a state’s police power. It is clear from this, that although the Candy Ban incidentally affects the practice of a religion, there is a clear relationship between the candy ban and public health, a legitimate government interest. Therefore, it passes the rational basis test. Moving on let’s discuss, for a moment, that the hybrid rights claim is viable. A claim that may be used when a

Act 1 Scene 1, Act 1 Scene 5, and Act 2 Scene 5 in Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

Act 1 Scene 1, Act 1 Scene 5, and Act 2 Scene 5 in Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay Love, obsession and disguise all play key roles in the actions of the main characters featured in Twelfth Night. Orsino is obsessed Olivia and with the idea of being in love, but this does not bring him happiness, but makes him melancholic. We see he is also quite a wise character as well at times, when he is giving advice to Viola. . Then let thy love be younger than thyself, or thy affection cannot hold the bent: For woman are as roses, whose fair flower being once displayed doth fall that very hour. He is a changeable character as we see from his opening speech, where his mood, which reflects his feelings about love, quickly changes. He also talks much about love but does very little. Viola is affected by love and disguise throughout the play, from the point when she decides to disguise herself as a man. The first example of love we see is one for her brother Sebastian. We see that she is a practical and resourceful character when she says Conceal me what I am Ill serve this duke. She falls in love with Orsino yet continues to woo Olivia for him whilst showing him to have self knowledge and understand love properly. Olivia is also affected by love and obsession throughout the play. To the same degree, she is an obsessive character, as we hear from Valentine that The element itself, till seven years hence, / shall not behold her face at ample view and her obsession for Viola. We can understand both these obsessions with the idea of love, that is, a love for her brother and father, and a love for Viola. The only other character affected by love, obsession and disguise is Malvolio. He is obsessed with the idea of class and Olivia we see this when he says To be Count Malvolio! He is in love with himself, and disguises his feelings for Olivia. Act 1 Scene 1 is mostly exposition. For example it makes the audience anticipate Olivias entrance when Orsino says Her sweet perfections. But we also find out about Orsinos idea of being in love and that he is obsessed to some degree. The first lines of the play are by Orsino who is speaking in poetic verse. He says If music be the food of love, play on /Give me excess of it; that, surfeiting, /The appetite may sicken, and so die. This signifies him as a main character. Orsinos opening lines are complex metaphors as he is trying to gain control over love. He asks the musicians to give him excess of it, that the food of love will make him overdose and he wont feel the need for love anymore this shows us that he is obsessed with love. We see that he isnt just the poetic lover, but the melancholic lover who isnt really in love with Olivia but is in love with the concept of love. The appetite may sicken and so die. This suggests to us that Orsino doesnt yet have self knowledge and sets up the play for somebody to show him how to begin to love. Then after only a few lines he says Enough no more! /Tis not so sweet now as it was before. We see that he can sometimes be quickly bored. And that sometimes he is unpredictable and erratic in his behaviour as he is unhappy in love. The Duke has asked for no more music yet continues to talk about love. O, when mine eyes did see Olivia first, /Methought she purged the air of pestilence; This suggests that he is obsessed with being in love with love and he is possibly obsessed with being melancholic. His speech uses images of disease and death surfeiting sicken die. This tells us that he doesnt know what love really is and so uses his imagination. Orsino links connection between love and imagination. So full of shapes is fancy, /That alone is high fantastical. And so raises the question, does the human brain create love merely as something to do or does love really exist? When Valentine tells Orsino that Olivia is in morning for her brother for seven year Orsino reacts to it rather differently. Valentine says A brothers dead love, which she would keep fresh. To which Orsino replies To pay this debt of love but to a brother, /How will she love with one self king! This explicitly shows us the extent of Orsinos obsession to be in love. He cant see that Olivia isnt interested in him and as hes the Duke no one will tell him this. The fact that Olivia is obsessive is good news for Orsino as he seems to be equally obsessed with being loved by her. These few lines also tell us that Olivia isnt just mourning her brother but is mourning him Till seven years hence, and she will not behold her face at ample view This strongly suggests that she is obsessed with mourning for her brother. Shakespeare uses punning as a way to show that Orsinos language is very important to him. As Valentine asks him Will you go hunt the hart to which he replies Why I do the noblest that I have. This explicitly tells us that Orsino is obsessed with Olivia and trying to be the poetic lover and implicitly tells us that as he is the Duke he is trying to play a dukes role; playing at being in love. It also suggests that he is well educated and noble. Throughout the play we see Orsinos character progress from a person who has little self knowledge and is obsessed with the idea of love to a person who is taught to love, to someone who learns to love. We first see this when Viola and Orsino meet in Act 2 Scene 4. We also see in this scene how wise Viola is about love. At the start of this scene Viola implicitly tries to show Orsino that she loves him by saying that It gives a very echo to the seat where love is throned. Here she is saying that love is like an echo. This is because an echo strikes twice and so does love. She is trying to tell Orsino that he isnt in love with Olivia, which is the sound, but has a spiritual/platonic love for Viola which could develop into a relationship, which is the echo. We see Orsino is also quite wise about love for other people. Cesario admits her love and tries to imply that she is in love with Orsino by telling Orsino that she is in love with a woman Of your complexion. Which Orsino replies Too old, by heaven He says that women become emotionally mature younger. And men at that age are giddy and unfirm, so to satisfy womens needs they need and older man. Which Viola agrees with because she does love an older man. Examine the effectiveness of the ending of A View from the Bridge EssayAt the end of that scene both Viola and Olivia talk in rhyming couplets. For example Olivia says I love thee so, that, maugre all thy pride, / Nor wit nor reason can my passion hide. Shakespeare has done this to summarise the scene Because Viola has taught Olivia how to love, Olivia is now ready to love Cesario. She asks Sebastian who she thinks is Cesario would thoudst be ruled by me! and as Sebastian is identical twins with Viola he also knows the concept of love and so agrees. Olivia is direct at asking Sebastian to marry her because she understands herself and love. The first time we learn about Malvolios character is from Olivia. She says O, you are sick of self-love, Malvolio. We instantly realise that Malvolio has self love and so this sets him up as the comic part in the play. We find out that he has an obsession for Olivia and for class in Act 2 scene 5. For example he says To be count Malvolio. He thinks he can be count Malvolio and marry Olivia, but he isnt aware of class issues, that a noble person like Olivia has. This shows us his self obsession. An example of his obsession for Olivia is Having been three months married to her, / sitting in my estate- Here we see Malvolio talking to himself unaware he is being watched and making a fool out of himself, he talks about his obsession to marry Olivia. He is also disguising this from Olivia and doesnt want to marry her because of love but for his own purpose because he hates Sir Toby and wants to rule him, he also wants the title Count Malvolio and wants Olivias money, all of this feeds his self obsession. When he sees the letter it has the letters M, O, A, I as a code to who the letter is written. He comes to the conclusion that M, O, A, I means Malvolio. As he says it would bow to / me for every one of these letters are in my name. He comes to this conclusion because of his self love. Maria who wrote the letter is very clever and can read both Malvolios and Olivias character very well. She does this so successfully because Malvolio is full of self love and obsession so the letter would appeal to him. For example part of the letter reads Remember who commended thy / yellow stockings, Maria knows that for Malvolio to wear yellow stockings would disobey his puritan laws but she can see that Malvolio is a very weak character so would disobey the laws for his own greed. Maria also knows of Malvolios self love and self obsession because otherwise he would never have gone along with the letter. When feste makes Malvolio think that there is a vicar in the room, who is going to help him, but really its feste in disguise and its just to scare Malvolio for fun, that is where the joke goes too far. For example when Malvolio is locked in a dark room feste acting as Sir Topas says to him there is no darkness but ignorance. I think that Malvolio didnt deserve as harsh a punishment as he received because it hurt him deeply and might never be able to trust anyone again, which might make relationships difficult for him in the future. I think Shakespeare is trying to show us that if you humiliate someone it can cause them great grief in the future. At the end of the play when Olivia just says Alas, poor fool! How have they baffled thee! Its no wonder Malvolio says Ill be revenged on the whole pack of you. This shows that because Malvolio is the only person who hasnt got self knowledge, so is excluded from the general happiness that the other characters have. It seems like Olivia is the only person who seems to care about Malvolio when she says He hath been most notoriously abused. This is because Olivia is a compassionate woman and has been taught this by Viola. It seems as though obsession, self love, disguise, and not having self knowledge seem to be incompatible with love. Because Orsino had obsession, and didnt have self knowledge so couldnt love Viola. Olivia had obsession, disguise, self deception, and not having self knowledge stand in the way of loving Cesario or Sebastian. And Viola had disguise which got in the way of her loving Orsino. At the end of the play, Orsino isnt obsessed with being in love any more, and has self knowledge and love and so marries Viola. Olivia isnt self deceitful anymore, doesnt disguise her feelings, knows how to love and has self knowledge so marries Sebastian. And Viola has got rid of her disguise so marries Orsino. Malvolio is the only person who didnt learn anything because he began with self love, self obsession, disguising his feelings, and not having self knowledge and stayed that way. Apart from feste he was the only character who didnt get married. And he is the only character who wasnt happy at the end and wanted revenge. I think Shakespeare wrote this play to show us that in order to love, you have to be open and free of obsession and disguise. I think he did this by using Viola as the character that has self knowledge and to teach this to the characters Orsino and Olivia. Shakespeare used this to show the audience that if you are free of obsession and disguise and have self knowledge and know the concept of love, you will be happy, but if you dont then you could turn out to be like Malvolio; bitter and sour.

American Revolutionary War free essay sample

After the Revolutionary War, many things had changed for America. She had gained her independence from Great Britain and was recognized as an independent nation resulting in a monumental change in political power. Another swing in momentum was the power and rights that were given to women. Many different women such as Molly Wallace and Abigail Adams were inspired to try and empower women’s rights. African American slaves were given the opportunity to fight in armies which gave them the chance for freedom. The Revolutionary War set the stage for the first steps in women and slaves gaining independence. In 1776, the members of the Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence marking the freedom of America. In 1778, the French joined America in the fight against Britain. In 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed representing the true freedom of America. All of these historical events caused an impact on everyone including the slaves and women. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolutionary War or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More importantly, the Revolution brought about a new mindset that most of the colonists had never experienced. This was the spark that the revolutionists needed to fight Britain. They did this willfully and clearly defeated the British with the final blow coming from The Siege of Yorktown. One of the most heartfelt desires of a slave was for freedom. Some slaves were told if they fought with the British, the British might free them and ban slavery from the colonies. Even if the British had won the war, they probably would not have banned slavery from the colonies Some slaves also fought with the colonists for promised freedom. Both sides offered freedom and re-settlement to slaves who were willing to fight for them, especially targeting slaves whose owners supported the opposing cause. Even though some slaves fought in the war, many African Americas used the turmoil of the war to escape. So, after the war, some slaves did get the long-awaited freedom they wanted. Other slaves were not as fortunate as these though. Some slaves that fought in the war were recaptured afterwards and forced to work on plantations as before the war. Women suffered lack of rights and an undesirable social status before the Revolution. A woman was recognized as a person under the law, subsumed by all the rights of her husband. This was well expressed by the quip, â€Å"Husband and wife are but one, and the husband is that one. † Although suppressed, women did play a major role in the Revolutionary War and received major rewards also. Different women like Molly Wallace and Abigail Adams worked extremely hard trying to persuade politicians to â€Å"Remember the ladies† as Abigail Adams said in a letter to John Adams. During the Revolutionary War, women had to take on their husbands role while he was out fighting the war. This meant taking care of the plantation plus doing all the house duties that they regularly did. The wives also played a major role in boycotting British goods by sewing and knitting clothes instead of buying them from the British. The women did much more than mentioned such as spying and tending for soldiers. After the war, women gained much more freedom than they had been permitted before. The Revolutionary War had major impacts on woman’s rights and a slave’s life. The female race gained political and social privileges and continued to gain even up until modern day. This war was a make or break situation for most slaves. If they fought in the war, they might die fighting for freedom, or they might survive the war and gain freedom. In the final results of the Revolutionary war, the women succeeded greatly in gaining more freedom while the African Americans arguably experienced more hardships after the war then before.

The Power Of Music essays

The Power Of Music essays Sometimes in life people grieve. People feel all kinds of emotions. Music is almost and emotion in itself. In my eyes music can be an escape for a minute or two. It can be for however long you desire. Music has been called a way of life for certain human beings. Somehow, it has made such a large influence on the world. I can think of many instances where music has impacted someones life in some significant way. It may be something such as a big decision, or even a small predicament. Musicians have the advantage of touching people with their lyrics or music; a gift some people will never be able to give as well, but most people have the chance to listen to the feeling and conviction put into musicians work. Some of us have musical talent and others dont, but those who do can share their emotions through an expression, so to speak. The way music effects our everyday lives can be almost incomprehensible at times. One time in particular stood out to me when I thought of examples of what impact music can make on our lives. The concert held in New York for the September 11, 2001 tragedy, in a sense, brought our country together. So many famous musicians wrote songs dedicated to the tragedy. Through music people were able to express their feelings easily in a peaceful, yet effective way. It wasnt for money or publicity, it was simply for a good cause. Also, it was one of the best ways to prove that our country can come together in a time of crisis. The concert helped people who were grieving and even touched those who were not directly involved with the attack. Not only did it bring New York City together, but also it brought our entire nation together as one. As I went from week to week thinking about this project, I tried to look a life in a different perspective. Noticing how much music can drastically change a persons mood or day, can be noticed quite ea ...

Are there benefits to attending a single-sex school Essay

Are there benefits to attending a single-sex school - Essay Example In relation to this, results of many studies show that boys and girls in coeducation tend to perform better. This essay will argue whether the advantages of coeducation outweigh the disadvantages. The information provided by the University of Michigan shows that students who attend single schools perform better than those in coeducation schools because of the challenges that occur in coeducation1. Single-sex schools reduce gender inequality that is very common in coeducation schools. In support of this claim, Hughes say that most teachers support the opinion raised by yelling male students in the classroom and ignore the girls who are raising their hand waiting for the opportunity for answering a question3. Alonsoand his friendsclaim that male dominance make girls become more silent in single-sex schools than coeducation schools4. Some of the teachers also have the habit of valuing girls more than boys in the classroom, as well as the field. Such diversion of attention to gender is the main contributor to poor performance in co-education  and high performance in single schools. In connection with this argument, Alonso and his colleagues say that single-sex schools protect s tudents from gender stereotypes4. For instance, it is evident that girls perform well in male-dominated subjects like mathematics and science better in single-sex schools than coeducation schools because of the competition pressure from male students. Boyson the other hand, do subjects that were done in the past by females such as music and poetry in single-sex schools than co-education. In other words, single-sex schools contribute to the increase of student’s confidence in some academic subjects. The performance of girls and boys in coeducation is also affected by their age. According to Morin, students in high school develop some characters because of peer pressure and adolescence5. For instance, male students may compete against each other over some girls in the classroom or

Biotechnology Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biotechnology Company - Essay Example The company has a goal of setting up a plant for large-scale production of the bacteria that can degrade polystyrene. Of course, this goal will be achieved after the company has been registered. The second step will entail convincing investors to have faith in the company and its founders. The aim is to commence production on a small scale in order to get the attention of governments and environmental agencies. In future, the organisation expects to expand its services to major states in the United States of America. The aim of the organization is to rid the world of non-biodegradable compounds that comprise the quality of the environment. Therefore, the company has plans to carry with research on additional ways to use chemistry and biological principles to fight pollution. The research will be carried in collaboration with learning institutions. The partnership with higher learning institutions will give the company opportunity to discover the best talents. The discovery of new talents is paramount to the continued innovation of new ways to fight pollution. It will revolutionize the world of science by groundbreaking innovations that will change human life on earth for the

Slow Movement from Haydns Emperor Quartet Essay Example for Free

Slow Movement from Haydns Emperor Quartet Essay The slow movement from Haydns Emperor Quartet is said to be one of Haydns greatest works. He uses a simple yet classic melody throughout his piece that is the underlying feature of this movement. The melody is in the form AABCC but the movement itself is in the style of theme and variations. The music in the movement is played sweetly (dolce) and is in cut time. The Introduction to Haydns Emperor Quartet is in GM and has the violin 1 playing the melody. The cello and the Viola have similar rhythmic parts that are playing important harmonies to the violin 1 part. The second violin is harmonizing the melody. Variation 1 is a duet between the two violins where the cello and the viola do not play. Violin 2 has the melody throughout the variation. Violin 1 is playing sets of semiquavers which give the different harmonies in this variation. Most of the notes in the violin 1 part are in intervals of 3rds and 5ths or are in scale order. This variation is always soft (sempre piano). In the next variation the bass instrument of the quartet has the melody (the cello). The violin 1 plays on the off beats for most of the variation with groups of semiquavers filled in as a small counter melody. Violin 2 is harmonizing between the melody and the violin 1 part. The viola is playing long notes every so often emphasizing the melody. Variation 2 is quite heavy and dense in harmonies and instruments in contrast to the first variation which was quite light. In variation 3 the viola has the melody. Throughout this variation there are mostly three instruments playing at one time. The instrument that do not have the melody come in and out though the piece. Violin 1 comes in with the viola at the beginning and has a similar line to its part in variation 2. Violin 2 comes in at bar 3 with syncopated notes and then goes into a small melody of its own. The cello do not come in till about halfway through the  variation where it plays a simple harmonic rhythm. Variation 4 is similar to the introduction in that the violin 1 has the melody again but Haydn has made it different by changing the other parts. Also in bar 5 the melody moves an octave higher to what it was in the introduction. The other three parts have similar rhythmic lines. The start of the variation has mostly crotchets and minims but in bar 10 Haydn has made use of quavers till the end of the piece. The cello changes clef in bars 7 to 14 to an alto clef then back to a bass clef. The three parts having the similar rhythmic lines helps creates a thick texture of harmonies. The ending bars draw a closure to the movement with the long cadence ending softly.